4/09/ · Roman law was very influential in the development of law throughout Western civilization and some parts of the East. These influences continue to be seen in present day 9/10/ · Simple & Easy Roman Empire Essay Titles The Social Expectations Of Women During The Roman Empire The Reasons Why the Roman Empire Turned out to Be Very The Roman Empire is known as one of the greatest empires of all time, blossoming politically, economically, and culturally. Rome was quickly expanding, reaching as far as North Africa.
Roman Law: [Essay Example], words GradesFixer
Essay Examples. Ancient Roman Empire Rome had a war god in its lineage and wolf milk in its belly, implying that its citizens had a knack for warfare-which they would prove again and again. The Etruscans, who would influence Roman civilization, had migrated to Italy from Asia Minor, probably in the 12th century BC. Their distant past is a mystery, because their language has no relationship to any other group of languages. Their Italian homeland, Etruria, consisted of a loose confederation of city-states, roman essay. They were noted for their metalworking and their fine pottery.
The Etruscans were at the height of their power during the 6th century BC. By BC their civilization was in decline, and at about that time the Romans rose up and claimed power in their city, establishing a republic. A patrician class initially ruled Rome, but over time the Plebs, or common people, gained influence. As late as BC, when Greece and Persia were great powers in the world, Rome was still so weak that it was sacked by the Gauls. However, roman essay, during the 4th and 3d centuries BC, the Romans became masters of central and southern Italy.
Roman armies entered Greece, where they were both conquerors and conquered: they defeated the Greek armies, but they were overawed by Greek culture and brought back to Rome a taste for fine art and literature, roman essay. During the Punic Wars, roman essay, Roman essay suffered the humiliation of seeing a Carthaginian army on its soil for more than a decade. Neither Rome nor Carthage, led by the great general Hannibal, could prevail. Finally, the Carthaginians were forced to withdraw, and Rome chased them home to Africa. In BC at the Battle of Zama, Rome defeated Carthage. The two nations lived in peace for a few decades, then another Punic War erupted.
Rome prevailed again, obliterating Carthage. During the next two centuries the Roman Empire expanded rapidly, roman essay, gobbling up many of the territories once ruled by Alexander the Great, including Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, and Egypt. While venturing out to rule the Mediterranean world, Rome also defined its own civilization and polity, roman essay. Reluctantly, the city extended its prized citizenship widely to other Italian towns and downward to social classes previously disfranchised. In 60 BC a triumvirate three-man executive board consisting of Gaius Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus led Rome. In 67 BC the statesman and general Pompey the Great, roman essay, who had fought the Marian party in Africa, Sicily, and Spain, roman essay, cleared the Mediterranean of pirates and roman essay then put in charge of the war against Mithridates.
Meanwhile his rival Gaius Julius Caesar rose to prominence, roman essay his political ability had full scope during the absence of Pompey. In Marcus Licinius Crassus, a man of great wealth, Caesar found a tractable auxiliary. Pompey returned from the east and asked the Senate for the ratification of his measures in Asia and the bestowal of land on his legionaries. His demands met with determined opposition, until Caesar, posing as his friend, formed with him and Crassus the coalition known as the first triumvirate. Caesar had come to power as a popular roman essay leader, roman essay. He was roman essay a magnificent general.
During the next decade he fought the Roman essay Wars, leading a Roman army as far north as Britain, roman essay. Caesar returned to a nation in turmoil. Ordered to halt his army at the Rubicon River, he crossed in 49 BC and waged war for the control of Italy. Successful there, he pursued his foes into Greece and Egypt. At Alexandria, his presence resulted in one of roman essay great tragedies in the history of scholarship: the burning of the great Library of Alexandria, depository of almostmanuscripts.
But Caesar had his mind on love as well as war. Victorious, he established Cleopatra as queen of Egypt and as his mistress. In the presence of such a man, the old ideal of the Roman republic seemed to fade The triumvirate in 59 BC fulfilled its compact. His crowning success, however, was his obtaining for five years the military command of Cisalpine Gaul, Illyricum, and late of Transalpine Gaul, where he could gain glory by military conquests, and from which he could roman essay every political move in Italy. The triumvirs renewed their alliance, and Caesar procured his command in Gaul for five years more, roman essay.
Pompey and Crassus were elected consuls for the year 55 BC, and in the following year Pompey received as his province the two Roman essay, with Africa, while Crassus received Syria. The death of Crassus in 53 BC brought Pompey into direct conflict with Caesar. Rome, in the absence of efficient government, was in turmoil until the Senate induced Pompey to remain in Italy, roman essay, entrusting his provinces to legates; it elected him sole consul for the year 52 BC and made him its champion against Caesar. Negotiations failed to solve the deadlock, roman essay, and in 49 BC Caesar with his legions boldly crossed the Rubicon River, the roman essay boundary of his province, and advanced on the city, thereby beginning the civil war that continued for five years.
Pompey and the leading members of the aristocracy withdrew to Greece, allowing Caesar to enter Roman essay in triumph. A policy of economic and administrative reforms was put into effect, in an attempt to overcome corruption and restore prosperity to Rome. Returning to Rome, having meanwhile been appointed dictator in his absence, he almost immediately renounced that post and was elected consul. Early in 48 BC he crossed into Greece and dealt Pompey a crushing blow at Roman essay. Pompey was killed soon after in Egypt, but the Pompeian cause struggled on until 45 BC, when it collapsed at Munda in Spain, roman essay, and Caesar was made dictator for life. In 44 BC by roman essay group of senators led by Gaius Cassius Longinus and Decimus Junius Brutus.
The empire he had founded, with its autocratic tendencies, would last long after his death. The triumvirs began operations by proscribing and assassinating their opponents, including Cicero. Antony, going to the east, was captivated by the charms of Cleopatra, queen of Egypt and formerly mistress of Caesar, roman essay, and with her planned an eastern empire. Lepidus, summoned to Sicily by Octavian to assist in the war against Roman essay Pompeius, son of Pompey the Great, attempted to seize Sicily for himself and was deprived of his province and his position in the triumvirate. The death of Sextus Pompeius, after the destruction of his fleet in the Mediterranean, left Octavian, who had been sagaciously strengthening his position in the west, with only Antony as rival.
After the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent suicide of both Antony and Cleopatra, the roman essay Octavian became, in 29 BC, master of the east also and the undisputed ruler of the entire Roman Empire. In spite of the series of disastrous civil wars, during the last years of the Republic a remarkable development of literary roman essay took place. Caesar and Cicero brought Latin prose to its peak of achievement, and Marcus Terentius Varro was the greatest scholar of the age. The poetry of the period is best represented by the work of Gaius Valerius Catullus and Lucretius. Save my roman essay, email, roman essay, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
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Fall of Rome Essay
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9/10/ · Simple & Easy Roman Empire Essay Titles The Social Expectations Of Women During The Roman Empire The Reasons Why the Roman Empire Turned out to Be Very The Roman Empire is known as one of the greatest empires of all time, blossoming politically, economically, and culturally. Rome was quickly expanding, reaching as far as North Africa. 4/09/ · Roman law was very influential in the development of law throughout Western civilization and some parts of the East. These influences continue to be seen in present day
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